When was ombudsman created

Since the administration of President Elpidio Quirino, there have been initiatives to create an office that would ensure propriety and accountability of public officers.

Several Presidents thereafter created offices that would eventually be discontinued. The office was abolished by President Carlos P. In the debates that took place in the Constitutional Commission, reference was made to proposals in the Constitutional Convention, to establish an independent office modeled on the Scandinavian institution of the Ombudsman.

A Speech by the European Ombudsman provides a concise history of the origins of the institution:. The Ombudsman concept comes from Sweden. The Swedish Ombudsman, as well as the Finnish one established in the Finnish constitution of , have a very broad mandate and strong powers. The mandate comprises not only the whole public administration, state and municipal, but also the supervision of the activities of the courts as far as the procedural and administrative sides of their work are concerned.

The Swedish and Finnish Ombudsmen, who are usually called the classic Ombudsmen, also have the power to prosecute or decide that a civil servant should be prosecuted before a court of law for criminal offences.

This possibility is used only a few times each year, but it gives of course more strength to the remarks and opinions that the Ombudsman makes public. The ombudsman, who was appointed by and responsible to Parliament, was to protect individual rights against the excesses of the bureaucracy.

These acts may or may not include the administrative acts of the judiciary or the legislature, depending upon the statute. This was a time in the United States when exposure of government secrecy and scandal, and when movements such as civil rights and good government created a political atmosphere more favorable to openness, and to establishing recourse for the aggrieved.

Aquino declaring the effectivity of the creation of the Office and restating its composition, powers and functions. On May 12, , the Office of the Ombudsman became operational upon the appointment of the Ombudsman and his Overall Deputy Ombudsman. Immediately thereafter, one Deputy Ombudsman each for Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao were likewise appointed by the President.

This date became the basis for celebrating the anniversary of the Office of the Ombudsman. Journal, Session No. Tamayo from Hon. Samuel K. In Previous Administrations Succeeding administrations likewise provided for the creation of agencies to handle cases of corruption in the government service. At Present The framers of the Constitution envisioned the Ombudsman as an official critic who studies the laws, procedures and practices in government, a mobilizer who ensures that the steady flow of services is accorded the citizens, and a watchdog who looks at the general and specific performance of all government officials and employees.

Edna Benito, et al. Romeo Borja, Sr. Rommel Arnado, et al. Raul Rodrigueza Lee, et al.